Personalized biomechanical analysis of mandible teeth loosening during periodontal treatment with non-removable polymer splints

D.A. Gribov, A.E. Krupnin, I.M. Levchenko, D.S. Butkov, S.D. Arutyunov

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop an individual biomechanical model of mandible anterior section and evaluate chosen treatment case effectiveness for parodontitis, based on the model components’ stress-strain analysis. A 3-dimensional finite element model of mandible anterior section, including a segment of mandibular bone tissue, four incisors, periodontal ligament (PDL), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) immobilizing splint of 0.5 mm thickness was developed. The study examined four design cases: 1, 2 - cases of parodontitis absence with and without taking into account the splint presence, respectively; 3, 4 - cases of parodontitis with and without taking into account the splint presence, respectively. Destructive changes in PDL during parodontitis (tooth root exposure) were modelled by deactivating the part of periodontal model finite elements. The model loading for all design cases was carried out by applying vertical force (F = 200 N) uniformly distributed between nodes located at incisors occlusal edges. As a result of the study, it was found that splint implantation contributes to a more uniform displacements and stress distribution in teeth, both with and without parodontitis; It was shown that the degree of tooth root exposure during parodontitis directly affects the level of tooth loosening and the stress state of its root; proved the feasibility of splint uttermost ends implanting on the "healthy" teeth, or splinting the whole dentition, proved the feasibility of ensuring the location of all the teeth subjected to splinting in the dental arch.

Series on Biomechanics, Vol.33, No. 3(2019), 14-26

Keywords: finite element method; Parodontitis; personalized biomechanical analysis

Date published: 2019-10-22