Mechanical characterization of PMMA/Salvadora persica biocomposite for dental application

Rihem Chaaben, Khaled Elleuch

Abstract: Objective: The particles of the medicinal plant Salvadora persica (S. persica) was incorporating into Poly (Methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to enhance the bioactive performance of dental composite, particularly in terms of antibacterial activity. This property can play a key role in avoiding the growth of bacteria on the surface of the dental prosthesis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the reinforcing effect of S. persica on tribological and mechanical properties of PMMA. This evaluation is fundamental, as good tribological and mechanical properties are essential for dental composites. Materials and methods: Three different percentages of S. persica (10%, 15%, and 20%) were tested. For each sample, the friction coefficient, wear volume (wear test), bending modulus, bending strength (three-point flexural test), and compressive strength (compressive test) were determined. Moreover, the morphologies of the wear tracks were examined, and the wear mechanisms were discussed. Results: The introduction of S. persica resulted in an increase in wear volume. Furthermore, a significant decrease, reaching 70%, was observed in compressive strength, particularly when incorporating 20% S. persica. Conversely, the impact on bending properties due to S. persica fillers is less prominent, with a maximum decrease of 30% compared to the properties of PMMA. Discussion: Nevertheless, the addition of 10% of S. persica to PMMA kept the same wear resistance and flexural properties of the resin. Conclusion: Hence, by incorporating 10% S. persica, it is possible to develop a dental composite with antibacterial activity and acceptable tribological and mechanical properties.

Series on Biomechanics, Vol.37, No.4 (2023), 60-67

Keywords: dental biocomposite; Mechanical characterization; PMMA; S. persica; wear

DOI: 10.7546/SB.08.04.2023

Date published: 2023-11-28