Aortic dissection numerical modeling (simulation) before and after treatment (case study)

K. Kazakov, I. Petrov, Z. Stankov, A. Gorolomov, D. Tsankova

Abstract: In this paper, a short review of the biological and biomechanical aspects of aortic dissection type A and possible treatments are presented at first. The treatment of a 48-years-old patient with aortic dissection type A, through the placement of a Multilayer flow modulator (MFM), is described in short. Comparison of the blood flow and blood flow pressure, acting on the aortic walls before and after the treatment, through the generation of three groups of numerical models, based on the finite element method, is proposed. The three groups of simulations demonstrate the distribution of the aortic wall strains and stresses along the aortic axis as follows: aortic state before dissection type A; aortic state with dissection; aortic state with the placement of Multilayer flow modulator (MFM) stents. Particular interest in terms of aortic wall biomechanics, with respect to the third group, are these wall areas, where MFM stent-placement begins and respectively ends, as well as the partly stented areas. In these areas, characteristic concentrations of tension stresses and high-stress increments can be provoked and to be observed, leading to the risk of additional tearing of the aortic muscle fibers or fissures in aortic walls as well. Due to their specificity from the biomechanical and hydrodynamical point of view, special attention should be paid to these aortic areas in the course of treatment. In the case, presented in this paper, a significant improvement of the blood flow and reduction of the aortic wall stresses after treatment can be observed. It can be concluded, that the treatment given to the particular patient, strains, and stresses in the aortic walls are significantly reduced compared to their stare before the treatment. Finally, some conclusions and recommendations are formulated in short.

Series on Biomechanics, Vol.34, No.2 (2020), 17-29

Keywords: athletics; Biomechanics; sprint hurdles

Date published: 2020-07-01