Study on the Effect of Video Feedback on Physical Education Students Performance of the Football Instep Kick

D. Zheleva-Terzieva; G. Ignatov

bg | en

D. Zheleva-Terzieva

, G. Ignatov

Abstract: Video feedback is an innovative approach in modern sports pedagogy for objective analysis and rapid correction of motor skills.
Objective: To analyze the influence of biomechanics-based video feedback on the technical proficiency and scoring efficiency of the football instep kick in Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) students. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 36 students majoring in "Physical Education Teacher Education" from two Bulgarian universities (Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" and Trakia University) during their training in the "Pedagogy of Football Instruction" academic discipline. A targeted educational intervention was applied, using a pre-test and post-test design. The execution of the football instep kick was recorded using two synchronized cameras (frontal and sagittal views) and analyzed via Kinovea software. To measure the effect of the intervention, two variables were derived: Biomechanical Quality Score and Target Performance Score. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics and included descriptive statistics, such as means, standard deviations, and differences in indicators and variables before and after the intervention. The effect size was determined using Cohen's coefficient (d), while the strength and direction of the relationship between pre- and post-intervention results were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Student's t-test was applied for hypothesis testing. Finally, a comparative analysis of the results between respondents from the two universities was conducted. Results: Following the intervention, all participants demonstrated statistically significant improvements across all investigated indicators. The degree of improvement varied depending on the specific indicator. Discussion: The obtained results confirm that video feedback, combined with biomechanical analysis, provides an objective visualization of errors, encourages self-reflection, and accelerates the acquisition and automation of correct technique compared to traditional training methods. Conclusion: The integration of biomechanically-based video feedback into student training significantly enhances motor skills and performance outcomes, thereby increasing the level of professional preparation for future physical education teachers.

Series on Biomechanics, Vol.40, No. 2 (2026), 27-35
DOI: 10.7546/SB.40.02.03.2026

Keywords: biomechanical analysis; football instep kick; independent work; professional teacher preparation; Video feedback

References: (click to open/close)

[1] Magill, R., Anderson, D., 2021. Motor learning and control: Concepts and applications (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
[2] Lees, A., Asai, T., Andersen, T., Nunome, H., Sterzing, T., 2010. The biomechanics of kicking in soccer: A review. Journal of Sports Sciences 28, 8, 805–817.
[3] Marković, K., Marković, S., Yotov, I., 2018. Kinematic and kinetic analysis of handball throwing – review. Series on Biomechanics 32, 4, 36–43.
[4] Petseva, Y., Dzimbova, T., Manchev, A., Pencheva, N., 2023. Anthropometric and body composition characteristics and somatotype of soccer players under 17 years. Series on Biomechanics 37, 4, 76–84.
[5] Zlatev, B., 2022. A study of some anthropometric indicators and their interaction with agility in 14-year-old football players. Series on Biomechanics 36, 2, 94–99.
[6] Avramova, M., 2018. Somatotypological studies of elite Bulgarian handball players. Series on Biomechanics 37,1, 19–24.
[7] Naydenova, K, Ignatov, G., 2024. Study of the functional load of elite football assistant referees in the Republic of Bulgaria during official matches. Series of Biomechanics 37, 4, 19-26
[8] Cabarkapa, D., Fry, A., Poggio, J., Deane, M., 2021. Kinematic differences between proficient and non-proficient free throw shooters - video analysis. Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 1, 12–21.
[9] Andonov, H., Angelov, B., Ivanov, D., Kachaunov, M., Hristov, O., 2022. Vazmozhnosti za biomehanichen analiz na pluvni dvizheniya chrez portativni inertsionni senzori. Godishnik na NSA 1, 1, 14-21.
[10] Penov, R, Chalakov, M., 2018. Front-hand-punch speed improvement experimental methodology in karate. Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 02, 21-34.
[11] Manea, M, Saaed, S., Hasan, U., 2022. Kinetic variables affecting the weightlifter during the falling under the barbell stage and its relationship with jumping distance and balance time under the barbell during the snatch lift. Series on Biomechanics 36,2, 100–104.
[12] Gadev, M., Peev, P., 2019. Age related differences and evaluation of the ball speed of in-step kick in football, Proceeding book of the International Congress Applied Sports Sciences, 133-136.
[13] Kostiukevych, V., Shynkaruk, O., Shchepotina, N., Voronova, V., Shevchenko, L., Zmievska, O., Stasiuk, V., Gordiichuk, H., Putiatina, G., Drachuk, A., Danchuk, P., 2020. The construction of the training process of highly skilled football players at the special preparation phase of the preparation period. Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 1, 39–45.
[14] Peev, P., Tsvetkov, V., Youroukov, N., 2019. Time-motion analysis of the Football World cup in Russia 2018. Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 1, 108 -121.
[15] Ivanov, I., Tchorbadjieff, A., Hristov, O., Peev, P., Gutev, G., Ivanova, S., 2025. Spine Kinematic Alterations in Nordic Walking Under Two Different Speeds of 3 and 5 km/h-A Pilot Study. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 10, 3, 330-354.
[16] Ignatov, G., Naydenova, K., 2023. Characteristics and status of the physical loads of elite football referees. Series of Biomechanics 37, 1, 36-42.
[17] Ignatov, G., 2022. Comparative analysis of the technical actions of female university students practicing football. Series on Biomechanics 36, 2, 86–93.
[18] Gerova, E., 2019. Kniga za uchitelya po fizichesko vazpitanie i sport za 4. klas. Prosveta, Sofiya.
[19] Kapidžić, A., Huremović, T., Biberovic, A., 2014. Kinematic Analysis of the Instep Kick in Youth Soccer players. Journal of Human Kinetics 42, 81‐90.
[20] Kellis, E., Katis, A., 2007. Biomechanical characteristics and determinants of instep soccer kick. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine 6, 2, 154–165.
[21] Schischkov, A., Stoyanov, S., Georgiev, V., Madanski, M., 1992. Futbol. Tehnika i metodika na obuchenie. NSA "Vasil Levski", Sofiya.

DOI: 10.7546/SB.40.02.03.2026

Date published: 2026-07-17

(Price of one pdf file: 25.00 EUR)