Mechanisms and Prospects for Research on Hemorrhagic Shock
M. Mantskava
, N. Momtselidze
, G. Kuchava
, L. Davlianidze
, N. Antonova
Abstract: Objective: To study the hemorheological status of blood during different volumes of experimental blood loss in rats, in order to evaluate its role in the pathophysiology and progression of hemorrhagic shock. Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted on white mongrel rats (300–350 g, both sexes). Animals were divided into four groups: control (n=10) and three experimental groups with 2.5 ml, 3.5 ml, and 5 ml of blood loss (n=10 each). Anesthesia was performed with urethane (20%). Tail arterial pressure was measured with an MPX5050D manometer. Hemorheological parameters were evaluated 15 minutes after bloodletting, including erythrocyte aggregation, deformability, concentration, and plasma viscosity. Erythrocyte counts were obtained with HUMACOUNT, while aggregation and deformability were assessed using original licensed methods developed at the Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test and Pearson criteria, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Erythrocyte aggregation increased progressively with blood loss by ~10%, 25%, and 45% compared to controls. Erythrocyte deformability decreased by <15% across all subgroups. Plasma viscosity changes were not statistically significant. Hematocrit values remained stable across groups. These findings reflect characteristic hemorheological alterations associated with progressive stages of hemorrhagic shock. Discussion: Experimental hemorrhagic shock induced reproducible hemorheological disturbances consistent with clinical data. Increased erythrocyte aggregation and reduced deformability paralleled the severity of circulatory imbalance, highlighting the central role of rheology in microcirculatory impairment. The results confirm the suitability of this model for studying blood fluidity and its contribution to hemodynamic collapse, tissue hypoxia, and inflammatory cascades during shock. Conclusion: Experimental models of hemorrhagic shock provide a reliable framework for studying hemorheological mechanisms underlying impaired perfusion and organ dysfunction. Monitoring blood rheology is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies and optimizing resuscitation protocols. Future work should integrate interdisciplinary approaches to enhance model reproducibility and translational relevance.
Series on Biomechanics, Vol.39, No.1(2025), 54-58
DOI: 10.7546/SB.06.03.2025
Keywords: blood loss; erythrocyte aggregation; experimental model; hemorheology; hemorrhagic shock
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| Date published: 2025-10-28
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