Hematological and biochemical changes in adult rats in conditions of diabetes mellitus and cadmium exposure

Y. Gluhcheva; E. Pavlova; E. Petrova; R. Ivanov; I. Vladov; A. Ilovska; N. Atanassova

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Y. Gluhcheva

, E. Pavlova

, E. Petrova

, R. Ivanov

, I. Vladov

, A. Ilovska, N. Atanassova

Abstract: Objective: To study the hematological and biochemical changes in diabetic adult rats with concomitant exposure to cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Material and Methods: Mothers and their newborn pups were divided into four groups: 1. control; 2. Cd-treated control - mothers obtained daily 5 mg/kg CdCl2 until postnatal day 25 of the pups; 3. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced in the newborns by a single i.p. injection of streptozotocin on postnatal day 1; 4. DM was induced as Group 3 with concomitant exposure to CdCl2 as Group 2. Hematological and biochemical parameters were measured in whole blood and in serum. Results and Discussion: Data show hyperglycemia in all the experimental groups compared to the control. Glucose in Group 4 was significantly higher than in Group 3 indicating that cadmium exacerbated diabetes. Although exposure to Cd alone decreased total cholesterol concomitant treatment of diabetic rats increased cholesterol concentration. In all groups LDL-C concentration was insignificantly increased while HDL-C were decreased. Exposure to Cd significantly reduced red blood cell count compared to the untreated controls. Diabetes significantly reduced count of total white blood cells and their subtypes - lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes indicating that diabetic rats will be susceptible to infections. Concomitant exposure to cadmium resulted in significant decrease of leukocytes, as well as monocytes and granulocytes compared to the control. RBC and hemoglobin were increased leading to significant increase in the mean cell volume.
Conclusion: Data suggest alterations in hemorheology which may explain the development of some perturbations observed in diabetic patients.

Series on Biomechanics, Vol.38, No.4(2024), 108- 115
DOI: 10.7546/SB.15.04.2024

Keywords: cadmium; Diabetes; energy metabolism; experimental rat model; hematology

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DOI: 10.7546/SB.15.04.2024

Date published: 2024-12-11

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