Advances in Gravimetric Electronic Nose for Biomarkers Detection

A. Das, B. Lal, R. Manjunatha

Abstract: Research in the area of breath biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis continues to grow with the developments in Electronic Nose (E-Nose) sensing techniques. Sensors are embedded in E-Nose to detect different biomarkers present breath, tissue, urine or blood. These biomarkers are used in preliminary diagnosis for fatal diseases. E-nose mechanism can be related with that of olfactory system of humans. Gravimetric sensors which sense change in mass are predominantly used in E-Nose application. This review paper provides a detailed overview of gravimetric sensors, their principle of operation, fabrication methodology, important technical parameters, and their application in E-Nose for breath bio markers detection. Four types of gravimetric sensors are covered in this review paper, 1) Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensor 2) Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensor 3) Thin-Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator (FBAR) 4) Microcantilever. The summary of sensitizers and data processing algorithms which is important for the development of gravimetric E-Nose systems is also presented in this paper.

Series on Biomechanics, Vol.36 No.2 (2022), 128-140
DOI: 10.7546/SB.36.2022.02.13

Keywords: biomarkers; Electronic Nose; FBAR; machine learning; microcantilever; non-invasive diagnosis; QCM; SAW

Date published: 2022-06-17